Here's a good article by Barry Latzer in The Claremont Review of Books, which draws upon an argument I made back in my 1999 debate in Slate.com with freakonomist Steve Levitt over the falling crime rate in the 1990s: that one explanation for the sharp decline in black juvenile homicide rates beginning in 1995 was the dawning realization among black youths from watching older brothers wind up in prisons, wheelchairs, or cemeteries that getting yourself killed in the Crack Wars was a really stupid idea.